Description
This 3D model shows a part of the northern caldera wall, close to Oia village, on Santorini island, Greece. After the last caldera collapse event, following the Minoan eruption (3.6 ka), the caldera assumed its current shape (Heiken and McCoy, 1984; Druitt and Francaviglia, 1992). The area displayed by the model has an aerial extent of 185×160 m and and a height of 95m. The panorama shows a part of the caldera wall, which consists of rhyodacitic pyroclastic deposits at the bottom and andesitic to dacitic pyroclastic deposits in the middle. Atop lies a red agglomerate called Upper scoria 2 unit, with subordinates lithic breccias caused by scoria flows (Druitt et al., 1989). In the central part, a vertical dyke can be seen (basaltic andesite) cutting through the highly heterogeneous caldera wall. The dyke could not have fed a volcanic eruption (Drymoni, 2019).

Credits: UAV-based survey and 3D DOM by Fabio L. Bonali and Luca Fallati; funding is from MIUR project ACPR15T4_00098 (http://argo3d.unimib.it/). The volcanic products were analyzed by Kyriaki (Sandy) Drymoni.

References

  • Druitt, T.H., Mellors, R.M., Pyle, D.M., Sparks, R.S.J., (1989). Explosive volcanism on Santorini, Greece.  Cambridge University Press 126, 95-126.
  • Druitt, T. H., Francaviglia, V., (1992). Caldera formation on Santorini and the physiography of the islands in the late Bronze Age. Bull. Volcanol. 54, 484–493.
  • Druitt, T.H., Edwards, L., Mellors, R.M., Pyle, D.M., Sparks, R.S.J., Lanphere, M., Davis, M., Barriero, B., (1999). Santorini Volcano. Geological Society Memoir No. 19, 165.
  • Drymoni, K., (2019). Dyke propagation paths: The movement of magma from the source to the surface. Doctoral thesis, Royal Holloway University of London.
  • Drymoni K., Browning J., Gudmundsson A. (2020). Dyke-arrest scenarios in extensional regimes: Insights from field observations and numerical models, JVGR (in press).
  • Heiken, G. and McCoy, F., (1984). Caldera Development During the Minoan Eruption, Thira, Cyclades, Greece. Journal of Geophysical Research, 89, 8441-8462.
  • Le Pichon, X., Angelier, J., (1979). The Hellenic arc and trench system: A key to the neotectonic evolution of the eastern Mediterranean area. Tectonophysics, 60, 1-42.